山东三所新材料技术有限公司

　　充气假目标作为现代伪装技术的重要载体，其材质选择直接影响仿真效果、环境适应性及使用周期。不同材质在拉伸强度、气密性、环境耐受性等维度呈现差异化优势，形成满足多场景需求的技术解决方案。

　　As an important carrier of modern camouflage technology, the material selection of inflatable false targets directly affects the simulation effect, environmental adaptability, and service life. Different materials exhibit differentiated advantages in terms of tensile strength, airtightness, environmental resistance, and other dimensions, forming technical solutions that meet the needs of multiple scenarios.

　　一、高分子复合材料：强度与轻量化的平衡

　　1、 Polymer composite materials: balance between strength and lightweight

　　以尼龙/聚酯纤维为基材，通过高分子涂层技术制成的复合材料，兼具高强度与轻量化特性。其断裂伸长率可达800%以上，能承受强风载荷与机械应力，适用于航空器、导弹发射车等大型装备的仿真。某型充气战斗机模型采用该材质后，在8级风力环境下持续工作72小时未发生形变，验证了其卓越的抗撕裂性能。此外，复合材料可集成雷达波吸收涂层，使假目标在电磁频谱维度与真实装备的RCS（雷达散射截面）特征匹配度提升至95%。

　　A composite material made from nylon/polyester fibers and coated with polymer technology, which combines high strength and lightweight characteristics. Its elongation at break can reach over 800%, capable of withstanding strong wind loads and mechanical stresses, and suitable for simulation of large equipment such as aircraft and missile launchers. After using this material, a certain type of inflatable fighter model worked continuously for 72 hours in an 8-level wind environment without deformation, verifying its excellent tear resistance performance. In addition, composite materials can integrate radar wave absorbing coatings, increasing the matching degree between false targets and the RCS (radar cross section) characteristics of real equipment in the electromagnetic spectrum dimension to 95%.

　　二、橡胶涂层织物：耐候性与耐用性的典范

　　2、 Rubber coated fabric: a model of weather resistance and durability

　　通过在涤纶网格布表面涂覆氯丁橡胶或天然橡胶，形成致密防护层。该材质耐候性突出，可在-40℃至70℃环境中保持性能稳定，尤其适合高寒或沙漠地区使用。某野外训练基地部署的充气坦克假目标，经三年沙尘暴考验，涂层磨损率低于0.3mm/年，气密性衰减不足5%。橡胶材质的另一优势在于自修复能力，微小穿孔可在加压后自动闭合，显著延长维护周期。

　　By coating chloroprene rubber or natural rubber on the surface of polyester mesh fabric, a dense protective layer is formed. This material has outstanding weather resistance and can maintain stable performance in environments ranging from -40 ℃ to 70 ℃, especially suitable for use in high-altitude or desert areas. The inflatable tank false target deployed at a certain field training base has undergone three years of sandstorm testing, with a coating wear rate of less than 0.3mm/year and an air tightness attenuation of less than 5%. Another advantage of rubber material is its self-healing ability, as small perforations can automatically close under pressure, significantly extending maintenance cycles.

　　三、聚氯乙烯（PVC）涂层织物：成本与功能的优化选择

　　3、 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coated fabrics: optimized selection of cost and functionality

　　PVC涂层织物凭借成熟的制造工艺与低成本优势，成为民用领域主流方案。其表面可印刷高精度迷彩图案，色牢度达4级以上，经紫外线加速老化测试后仍能保持90%原始色彩。某石油管道防护项目中，采用PVC充气假目标模拟真实管线走向，在盐雾腐蚀环境下持续工作18个月未出现涂层脱落。该材质虽抗撕裂性能稍逊，但通过双层复合结构可有效弥补，综合性价比突出。

　　PVC coated fabrics have become the mainstream solution in the civilian field due to their mature manufacturing processes and low-cost advantages. Its surface can print high-precision camouflage patterns, with a color fastness of over level 4, and can still maintain 90% of its original color after UV accelerated aging testing. In a certain oil pipeline protection project, PVC inflatable false targets were used to simulate the real pipeline route, and the coating did not peel off after working continuously for 18 months in a salt spray corrosion environment. Although the tear resistance of this material is slightly inferior, it can be effectively compensated for through a double-layer composite structure, with outstanding comprehensive cost-effectiveness.

　　四、热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）：精密仿真的技术突破

　　4、 Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU): Technological Breakthrough in Precision Simulation

　　TPU薄膜以0.05mm超薄形态应用于高端假目标，其透光率与雾度可调特性，使仿真车窗、光学设备等细节达到以假乱真效果。某型充气指挥所模型通过TPU贴膜技术，成功复现真实建筑的玻璃幕墙反射特征，在近距侦察中误导率达78%。TPU材质的低温抗冲击性能同样优异，在-50℃环境中仍保持柔韧性，满足极地科考或高寒作战需求。

　　TPU film is applied to high-end fake targets in an ultra-thin form of 0.05mm, with adjustable light transmittance and haze characteristics, achieving a realistic effect on details such as simulated car windows and optical equipment. A certain type of inflatable command post model successfully reproduced the reflection characteristics of real building glass curtain walls through TPU film technology, with a misleading rate of 78% in close range reconnaissance. The low-temperature impact resistance of TPU material is also excellent, maintaining flexibility in an environment of -50 ℃, meeting the needs of polar scientific research or high-altitude combat.

　　材质选择需平衡性能需求与成本约束：军事领域优先采用高分子复合材料与TPU以实现多维度仿真；民用防护场景中PVC涂层织物展现高性价比；极端环境作业则依赖橡胶涂层织物的耐候特性。随着材料科学的进步，自修复涂层、智能变色等前沿技术正逐步融入，推动充气假目标向更精密、更智能的方向演进。

　　Material selection needs to balance performance requirements and cost constraints: in the military field, polymer composite materials and TPU are preferred to achieve multidimensional simulation; PVC coated fabrics exhibit high cost-effectiveness in civil protection scenarios; Extreme environmental operations rely on the weather resistance of rubber coated fabrics. With the advancement of materials science, cutting-edge technologies such as self-healing coatings and intelligent color changing are gradually being integrated, promoting the evolution of inflatable targets towards more precision and intelligence.

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